Ukwehla Kwezindleko Zezimoto zikagesi: Inguquko Emasondo

Esimeni esiguqukayo njalo semboni yezimoto, ukuthambekela okungenakuphikwa kuyagqama - ukwehla okuqhubekayo kwentengo yezimoto zikagesi (EVs).Yize kunezici eziningi ezinomthelela kulokhu kushintsha, isizathu esisodwa esiyinhloko siyagqama: ukwehla kwezindleko zamabhethri anika lezi zimoto amandla.Lesi sihloko sidingida izizathu ezibangela ukwehla kwamanani entengo yezimoto zikagesi, sigcizelela isidingo sokugqugquzela ukutshalwa kwezimali okwengeziwe ekukhiqizeni nasekukhiqizeni amabhethri.

Amabhethri: Amandla Angemuva Kwentengo

Inhliziyo yemoto kagesi ibhethri layo, futhi akumangazi ukuthi izindleko zalawa mabhethri ziba nomthelela omkhulu ezindlekweni zemoto zizonke.Eqinisweni, ngaphezu kwesigamu (cishe u-51%) wezindleko ze-EV zibangelwa i-powertrain, ehlanganisa ibhethri, izinjini, nezinto zikagesi ezihambisana nazo.Ngokuphambene kakhulu, injini evuthayo ezimotweni zendabuko ihlanganisa kuphela amaphesenti angu-20 yenani lezindleko zemoto.

Uma ujula ekuqhekekeni kwezindleko zebhethri, cishe u-50% walo unikezwa amaseli ebhethri e-lithium-ion ngokwawo.U-50% osele uhlanganisa izingxenye ezihlukahlukene, njengezindlu, izintambo, amasistimu okuphatha ibhethri, nezinye izici ezihlobene.Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi izindleko zamabhethri e-lithium-ion, asetshenziswa kabanzi kuma-elekthronikhi kanye nama-EVs, abone ukwehla kwentengo okumangazayo ngo-97% selokhu asungulwa ngo-1991.

Emisha kuIbhethriI-Chemistry: Ukushayela PhansiEV Izindleko

Emzamweni wezimoto zikagesi ezithengeka kakhulu, izinto ezintsha kumakhemikhali webhethri zidlale indima ebalulekile.Isibonelo salokhu wukushintsha kwesu likaTesla kumabhethri angenayo i-cobalt ezimotweni zakhe zeModel 3.Lokhu okusha kuholele ekwehleni okumangalisayo kwezintengo zokuthengisa, ngokwehla kwentengo ngo-10% e-China kanye nokwehla kwentengo okubaluleke nakakhulu ngo-20% e-Australia.Intuthuko enjalo ibalulekile ekwenzeni ama-EV ancintisane nezindleko, kuqhubeke kwandise ukukhanga kwawo kubathengi.

I-Road to Price Parity

Ukulingana kwentengo nezimoto ezivuthayo zangaphakathi kuyi-Holy Grail yokwamukelwa kwemoto kagesi.Lesi sikhathi esiyingqopha-mlando kulindeleke ukuthi senzeke lapho izindleko zamabhethri e-EV ziwela ngaphansi kuka-$100 i-kilowatt-hora ngayinye.Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ochwepheshe bezimboni, njengokubikezela kwe-BloombergNEF, balindele ukuthi lesi senzakalo esiyingqopha-mlando sifinyelelwe ngonyaka ka-2023. Ukuzuza ukulingana kwamanani ngeke nje kwenze izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi ziqhudelane ngokwezomnotho kodwa futhi kuzolungisa kabusha isimo sezimoto.

Imizamo Kahulumeni kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Kwengqalasizinda

Ngale kwentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ukwesekwa kukahulumeni nokuthuthukiswa kwengqalasizinda kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwehliseni amanani e-EV.Ngokuphawulekayo, i-China ithathe izinyathelo eziqinile zokwandisa inethiwekhi yayo yokushaja i-EV, ngeziteshi zokushaja eziyi-112,000 ezifakwe ngoDisemba 2020 kuphela.Lokhu kutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda eshajayo kubalulekile ekwenzeni izimoto zikagesi zibe lula futhi zifinyeleleke kalula.

Ukukhuthaza Ukutshalwa Kwezimali kuIbhethriUkukhiqiza

Ukuze uqhubeke nomkhuba wokwehla kwezintengo ze-EV nokuqinisekisa ukusimama kwalokhu kushintshashintsha, ukukhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali ekukhiqizeni amabhethri kubaluleke kakhulu.Njengoba ukukhiqizwa kwebhethri kukhula, umnotho wesikali uzophinde unciphise izindleko zebhethri.Lokhu kuzoholela ezimotweni zikagesi ezithengekayo, kuhehe inqwaba yabathengi, futhi ekugcineni kukhuthaze ikusasa lezimoto elihlanzekile nelizinzile.

Sengiphetha, ukwehla kwezindleko zezimoto zikagesi ngokuyinhloko kuqhutshwa ukuncipha kwezindleko zamabhethri.Ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, izinto ezintsha kukhemistri yebhethri, nokusekelwa kukahulumeni ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda konke kuyizici ezinomthelela.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukufinyeleleka nokufinyeleleka kwezimoto zikagesi, ukukhuthaza ukutshalwa kwezimali ekukhiqizeni amabhethri kanye nokukhuphula umkhiqizo kubalulekile.Lo mzamo wokubambisana ngeke wehlise amanani kuphela kodwa futhi uzosheshisa ukuguqukela emhlabeni wonke ezixazululweni zezokuthutha ezihlanzekile nezisimeme.

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